Preheat oven to 425°F (220°C). Lightly grease a baking sheet or line with parchment paper.
In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, salt, and sugar.
Cut in the cold butter using a pastry blender or your fingertips until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs with some pea-sized pieces of butter remaining.
Gradually add the cold buttermilk, stirring just until the dough comes together. Do not overmix.
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and gently pat it into a 1-inch thick rectangle.
Cut the dough into 12 biscuits using a 2-inch round cutter. Re-pat scraps gently if needed, but avoid overworking.
Place the biscuits on the prepared baking sheet, about 1 inch apart.
Bake for 12-15 minutes, or until golden brown and risen.
While the biscuits are baking, prepare the garlic butter topping. In a small bowl, combine the melted butter, minced garlic, and chopped parsley.
Once the biscuits are out of the oven, immediately brush the tops with the garlic butter mixture.
Sprinkle the shredded cheddar cheese over the warm biscuits.
Serve warm.
Notes
For an extra cheesy biscuit, you can fold some of the shredded cheese into the biscuit dough before baking.